In modern publications, the word 'trauma' is used more and more often. Depending on the approach, modality and even author 'trauma' does not always mean the same thing.
In traditional approaches, 'trauma' is a psychological injury, almost a permanent change in the psyche caused by an extreme and painful experience. This experience is the action of external factors that threaten life or health, which lead to profound changes in human behaviour. A traumatized person may show symptoms of PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder).
This definition is basic and many modern scientists and therapists are working on expanding it. For example, recent research into the neuroplasticity of the brain has led us to believe that trauma is not as permanent a change as previously thought. This gives a basis and hope for healing to many people.
In some publications, I encounter the use of the word 'trauma' to describe/define the very difficult event that caused a change in the psyche. Such a transfer (from the state of the psyche to external circumstances) may be a convenient mental shortcut, but it may introduce misunderstanding to the subject. A difficult event and circumstances can be traumatic, but they are not trauma. The event is anchored in the past, which we cannot change. In an approach where trauma is a thing of the past, there is grievance and frustration. On the other hand, in the approach in which trauma is a state of the psyche, agency and motivation appear. The state of the psyche is here and now and we have many possibilities and tools to influence and change it. In this understanding of trauma, healing is possible.
From a holistic and somatic therapy perspective, 'trauma' is a psychological injury (emotional or physical) caused by a severe distressing experience that did not have the right conditions to heal properly. Trauma causes distortion and pain that stays in cognitive memory and body memory. In defence against touching this pain again, we have developed various reactions, strategies, adaptive behaviours, defensive or offensive tactics. These reactions shape our personality and are reflected in the physical body, cause tension, affect the fascia.
The body becomes a mirror of our emotional states and a gateway to understanding our own psyche. Well chosen body-oriented therapy is a chance to recognize and soothe one's own reactivity, i.e. associative reactivity of the nervous system. Grounding in the body means regaining the sense of security that we lose as a result of experienced traumas. Body-oriented therapies long term lead to emotional well-being, higher self-esteem and a more joyful experience of oneself as a personality.
Link to YouTube video with English subtitles:
Translated by: Galina Tarasiuk, Marta Ferenc.
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